Chapter #6.4 Solutions - Understanding Weather and Climate - James E Burt, Edward Aguado - 7th Edition

1fa. Responding to Icing in Different Types of CloudsIn Chapter 5 we talked about the threat that icing presents to aviation. The first line of defense when having to fly through icing conditions is to activate the plane’s antiicing equipment. But pilots sometimes can also alter the course of the flight to lessen the threat, with the appropriate action depending on the cloud type.When icing appears to occur within stratiform clouds, it is a good idea to change elevation upward or downward by about 900 meters—3000 feet (Figure 6-4-1). By definition, stratiform clouds have relatively little vertical development, so changing altitude by that amount will likely get you out of the region of supercooled droplets.Icing can occur rapidly and severely in cumuliform clouds, especially in updrafts and at temperatures ranging from −2°C to −20°C (28°F to −4°F). Because cumuliform clouds have very substantial vertical development, changes in altitude may be a less effective maneuver than in stratiform clouds. It is a good idea if possible to simply fly around such clouds. Icing in cumuliform clouds normally occurs at altitudes below about 8000 meters (about 27,000 ft).FIGURE 6-4-1 Icing. Pilots can avoid icing conditions in stratiform clouds by increasing or decreasing altitude....What should a pilot do if ice is encountered in a stratiform cloud? Get solution

2fa. Responding to Icing in Different Types of CloudsIn Chapter 5 we talked about the threat that icing presents to aviation. The first line of defense when having to fly through icing conditions is to activate the plane’s antiicing equipment. But pilots sometimes can also alter the course of the flight to lessen the threat, with the appropriate action depending on the cloud type.When icing appears to occur within stratiform clouds, it is a good idea to change elevation upward or downward by about 900 meters—3000 feet (Figure 6-4-1). By definition, stratiform clouds have relatively little vertical development, so changing altitude by that amount will likely get you out of the region of supercooled droplets.Icing can occur rapidly and severely in cumuliform clouds, especially in updrafts and at temperatures ranging from −2°C to −20°C (28°F to −4°F). Because cumuliform clouds have very substantial vertical development, changes in altitude may be a less effective maneuver than in stratiform clouds. It is a good idea if possible to simply fly around such clouds. Icing in cumuliform clouds normally occurs at altitudes below about 8000 meters (about 27,000 ft).FIGURE 6-4-1 Icing. Pilots can avoid icing conditions in stratiform clouds by increasing or decreasing altitude....Why might changing altitude not immediately solve the problem of icing in a cumuliform cloud? Get solution


Chapter #17 Solutions - Understanding Weather and Climate - James E Burt, Edward Aguado - 7th Edition

1c. What happens to light if it enters a medium of higher density? Get solution 1ct. Consider the way the apparent position of the...